At this time time Britain was a class society which is reflected in the literature from the time. It it the time of “Oliver Twist, the Great Exhibition, sprawling cities, speeding railways, freakshows and murder”. To find out more at the British Library -click the image below.
Famous authors from the century include Jane Austen, Charles Dickens and H G Wells. (Images below in Public Domain)
Jane Austen 
Charles Dickens 
H G Wells
The industrial revolution had begun but around 1800 little had changed as yet. It was still the time of horsepower and then came steam and changed everything. Read more about this at BBC history: All Change in the Victorian Age. Steam and the railways required coal mining for fuel. It was also the time time of Jack the Ripper.
(Image in public domain from the British Library.)
If you want more specific information about dates for people and events during the first half of the century you can look at Timeline Great Britain 1800-1859.
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